SA Journal of Business Management

Purpose: Online integrated marketing is arousing extensive attention from industry and academia, whereas no uniform conclusion on the effectiveness of integrated versus single marketing has been reached thus far. Accordingly, the integrated marketing effectiveness of paid search advertising and social advertising, and the moderating role of product type in it are primarily investigated in this study.Design/methodology/approach: The interaction between paid search advertising and social advertising and purchase is elucidated. Moreover, the moderating effects of product type on the relationship are examined. The hypotheses are tested using an empirical model in accordance with the natural transaction data from Taobao.Findings/results: An empirical analysis confirms a complementary relationship between paid search and social advertising on enhancing purchase. Furthermore, this study suggests that paid search advertising is more probably employed for the purchase of hedonic products, and social advertising more markedly affects the sales of utilitarian products. Moreover, the above-described two advertisements jointly increase the sales of hedonic products.Practical implications: The results provide applicable guidance for sellers’ advertising strategies on online shopping platforms. Sellers should stimulate sales by strategically using integrated marketing tools, and they should adopt different marketing strategies in accordance with different product types.Originality/value: The findings reveal the complementary relationship between paid search and social advertising. Furthermore, this study expands the application of dual-process theory and analyses the information processing of utilitarian and hedonic products.

No abstract available.

Purpose: This study examines the variations on Technology Adoption Factors, including the cultural aspects in both developing and developed countries for Internet of Things, as the Technology Adoption Factors are not common across the globe.Although much research has focused on the technical aspects of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, attention is still required regarding IoT applications, features, use cases, and behavioural aspects in the context of the consumption and perception of IoT services.Design/methodology/approach: In this research, an empirical study is undertaken to identify the factors that influence the adoption of IoT services, using a model based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology.Findings/results: A survey of 800 users was administered in the United States of America (USA) and India. Reliability Tests, Validity Tests and exploratory factor analysis were performed to find the presence of common method variance across both countries. The findings reveal the significance of several independent variables on the adoption of IoT services, namely perceived security risks, perceived trust, social influence, facilitating conditions, and performance expectancy.Practical implications: This research provides evidence that cultural aspects, social influence and facilitating conditions play a significant role. Illustrations of Airtel, Reliance Jio promotions in India and data-driven decision making from mayors of the USA included.Originality/value: The research reveals the variation in IoT adoption factors between India and the USA. There are unique variations involved per country that need to be considered for the effective adoption of IoT.

Purpose: Litigation against auditors has augmented as the number of corporate failures increased over the past decades. A failure to exercise professional scepticism has been cited as one of the main contributing factors to audit failure. This research establishes a link between professional scepticism and emotional intelligence (EI). Credence is given to the design of interventions promoting the development of auditor EI with the view of combating the incidence of audit failure.Design/methodology/approach: A sample of United States (US) judicial opinions was examined where professional scepticism of auditors was considered. A dual coding system was applied where process elements of professional scepticism and components of emotional intelligence were identified and linked.Findings/results: A significant overlap between elements of professional scepticism and facets of emotional intelligence was indicated, especially those of self-assessment, conscientiousness, organisational awareness, communication skills, leadership and managing influence.Practical implications: Emotional intelligence competencies become part of the resources available to the auditor, which may be used to exercise their professional scepticism. Interventions designed to enhance auditor emotional intelligence may positively impact the levels of professional scepticism demonstrated, ultimately aiding in lowering the incidence of audit failure.Originality/value: This research offers a new process perspective of professional scepticism which has been adapted from the works of seminal authors in the field. Using the data sample, the incidences of overlap between emotional intelligence and the process steps of professional scepticism are identified and categorised within this framework. This research contributes to the body of empirical research on emotional intelligence in the auditing field.

Purpose: We investigate the correlation between capital structure and a set of, mostly, standard capital structure determinants for a unique sample: Global Systemically Important Banks (G-SIBs).Design/methodology/approach: We augment the standard set of regression determinants with a proxy measure of pro-public orientation (DataStream’s Refinitiv Environmental, social and governance [ESG] scores). We expect to find that a more pro-public orientated G-SIB holds more capital. This is because very large and systemic banks underpin the functioning of society. The public, therefore, has a direct interest in bank safety with a better capitalised bank being a safer bank. On the other hand, shareholders of a safer bank suffer because of lower profitability.Findings/results: Initial results indicated no relation between pro-public orientation and bank leverage; however, further analysis showed that bank leverage decreases as the governance component score increases. This suggests that the governance of G-SIBs is important for financial stability. Bank size was found to have no intermediation effect on the relationships, implying that our results are not because of a clustering among the largest banks. Correlations between the control variables and bank leverage provide support for the argument that bank leverage is not solely determined by regulations.Originality/value: We extend recent work on social ratings and capital structure in non-financial firms to banks. Our results provide further support for the proposition that the drivers of the capital structures of non-financial firms also determine those of banks, weakening the argument that capital regulation is the sole determinant of bank capital structures. Our sample focuses attention on a core financial decision of very important, if not the most important, players in the global economy.